Banks, Joseph (1743–1820)
British botanist and president of the Royal Society of London (1778–1820), the foremost British man of science of his time. He accompanied Captain James Cook on his first expedition aboard HMS Endeavour to Tahiti as senior scientist (1768–1771). At Botany Bay, Australia, in 1770, Banks collected samples of plants hitherto unknown in Europe, including the shrub banksia, named in his honor. Upon his return, he helped establish the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew, London, and financed international plant-collecting expeditions.
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