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Crookes, William (1832-1919)
English physicists who discovered the element thallium (1861), invented the radiometer (1875), and pioneered the study of cathode rays. By 1876 he had devised the Crookes tube, a glass tube containing two electrodes and pumped out to a very low gas pressure. By applying a high voltage across the electrodes and varying the pressure, he was able to produce and study cathode rays and various glow discharges.
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