Lie, Marius Sophus (1842-1899)
A Norwegian mathematician who, along with his close friend Felix Klein, introduced group theory into geometry and used it to classify geometries. Lie discovered the contact transformation, which maps curves into surfaces (1870), and Lie groups, which use continuous or infinitesimal transformations. He used these groups to classify partial differential equations, making the traditional methods of solution all reduce to a single principle. Lie groups also provided a basis for the growth of modern topology.
Related entry
• Lie algebra
Related category
• MATHEMATICIANS
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