dichroism
Lampworked dichroic glass bead.
Dichroism is a property of some crystals that makes them appear to have a different color according to the direction of the incident light. The crystal allows light vibrations in one plane to pass through but absorbs light vibrations at right angles to this plane.
Tourmaline is a natural dichroic crystal; Polaroid is a synthetic material with this property. See also polarized light.