homologous recombination
During meiosis, homologous recombination can produce new combinations of genes as shown here between similar but not identical copies of human chromosome 1.
Homologous recombination is the exchange of pieces of DNA during the formation of ova (eggs) and sperm. Recombination allows the chromosomes to shuffle their genetic material, increasing the potential of genetic diversity. Homologous recombination is also known as crossing over.
