Ketonuria, also known as acetonuria, is the presence in the urine of chemicals called ketone bodies. This may occur in diabetes mellitus, starvation, and after persistent vomiting and results from the partial oxidation of fats.

 

Ketone bodies may be detected by adding a few drops of 5% sodium nitroprusside solution and a solution of ammonia to the urine; the gradual development of a purplish-red color indicates their presence.

 

See also ketosis.