Stanford Moore was a US biochemist who shared the 1972 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Christian Anfinsen and William Stein for research into the functioning and composition of the enzyme ribonuclease.

Anfinsen had discovered the composition of ribonuclease in the 1950s; subsequently Moore and Stein explained how it catalyzes the digestion of food. They used chromatography to analyze amino acids and peptides and to determine the structure of ribonuclease. By 1973, pursuing essentially the same technique, Moore and Stein had analyzed the structure of deoxyribonuclease.