In astronomy, nutation is a periodic variation in precession: in other words, a wobble on top of the main wobble of Earth's axis. The chief cause of nutation is the Moon moving in an orbit that is inclined (by 5°) to the ecliptic. This lunar nutation amounts to a +/– 9 arcseconds back-and-forth jiggling of Earth's poles every 18.6 years (the time it takes for the Moon's orbit to walk around to the same relative position again). The net result is that, instead of describing a perfectly circular path in the sky, every 25,800 years or so, due to precession, the precessional path of Earth's axis is more like the crinkly shape of a cooky-cutter.

In mechanics, nutation is a bobbing superimposed on the precession of a spinning body such as a gyroscope. With increasing spin rate there is an increase in the frequency and decrease in the magnitude of the nutation.