Callisthenes of Olynthus was a kinsman and pupil of Aristotle who devoted himself to the study of natural and political history, and accompanied Alexander the Great in his expedition to India. His bold outspoken ways, and his displeasure at the adoption of oriental habits and the intended assumption of divine honors, angered Alexander and led to Callisthenes being put to death in 328 BC on a trumped up charge of treason. Only a few fragments of his historic works remain, and these are not valuable.