Rayleigh, John William Strutt, Third Baron (1842–1919)
British physicist who was awarded the 1904 Nobel Prize for Physics for his measurements of the density of the atmosphere and its component gases, work that led to his isolation of argon (see also William Ramsay). Rayleigh worked in many other fields of physics, and is commemorated in the terms Rayleigh scattering (which describes the way that electromagnetic radiation is scattered by spherical particles of radius less than 10% of the wavelength of the radiation – see scattering, Rayleigh criterion, and Rayleigh waves (in the study of earthquakes.
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