Bernardo Houssay was an Argentinian physiologist who greatly advanced knowledge of the endocrine system. He shared with Carl Cori the 1974 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine by discovering the role played by the hormone of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland in regulating the metabolism of sugar. He demonstrated the complex interlocking action of various hormones of the body – in this case a pituitary hormone with the sugar-metabolizing hormone insulin.